Posts Tagged ‘employment’

Posted by Moshe Alexander

The vacancy rate among apartments with at least three units (3+) in the Thunder Bay Census Metropolitan Area (CMA) inched up to 2.3 per cent in October 2009, from 2.2 per cent last year, according to Rental Market Survey (RMS) data released in December by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC). (See Table 1.1.1) With the October vacancy rate’s slight increase, Thunder Bay now becomes the CMA with the tenth lowest vacancy rate for 33 centres with populations over 100,000 in Canada. Northern Ontario’s other major centre, Sudbury saw its rate rise to 2.9 per cent from 0.7 per cent last year. Meanwhile, elsewhere in Northwestern Ontario, Kenora’s vacancy rate declined to 0.8 per cent from 1.7 per cent in October 2008.

The vacancy rate in Thunder Bay was up only slightly this year as several opposing forces came into play. Improvement in homeownership affordability caused by falling interest rates has encouraged some renters to become homeowners. Low ownership costs in Thunder Bay combined with rising apartment rents reduced the relative cost of homeownership – dampening demand for rental accommodation. There are other factors that have added to rental demand and exerted downward pressure on vacancy rates. Although there has been a long-term out-migration amongst the 18 to 24 renter aged group, important trends emerged recently. Employment in the service sector and 18-24 age groups have held up reasonably well, possibly exerting slight upward pressure on rental demand, as young adults are more likely to rent rather than own. Overall, employment has fallen 5.5 per cent over the past year between the 2008 and 2009 surveys. However, the brunt of the job losses has been in the goods-producing sector and the 25-44 age group, arguably sectors not directly associated with rental demand. Next, demand coming from students in post-secondary institutions has increased rental demand. Enrolment in post-secondary institutions has been growing in Thunder Bay. Less space in student housing has caused spillover in the private market creating demand for units located in proximity to Lakehead University and Confederation College. Laid off workers returning to school as mature students are creating additional demand for private rentals. In addition, recent data has indicated no new sources of rental supply. Going back to 1998, there have been few rental completions added to the supply of rental units in Thunder Bay.

The availability rate1 is a slightly broader measure of what landlords have available to market to prospective tenants. The availability rate refers to the percentage of apartments that are either vacant or for which the existing tenant has given or received notice to move. Once again, availability rates moved in the same direction as the vacancy rate in Thunder Bay. Thunder Bay’s availability rate rose to 3.1 per cent from 2.7 per cent in 2008. Only one of the 15 metropolitan areas in Ontario had a lower availability rate than Thunder Bay, namely Kingston (2.5 per cent). Higher availability rates are a result of higher turnover. (See Table 1.4.)

Posted by Moshe Alexander

The vacancy rate for private rental apartment buildings with three or more units in the St. Catharines- Niagara CMA (hereinafter Niagara) was above the national and historical averages. According to the CMHC’s Fall 2009 Rental Market Survey, the vacancy rate edged up to 4.4 per cent in 2009. This was above the 20-year average level of 3.5 per cent, and an increase of 0.1 percentage point from last year. Four main factors placed upward pressure on the vacancy rate. First, record low mortgage rates in combination with lower prices in the earlier part of the year translated into very affordable mortgage carrying costs. Many buyers, in particular first- time buyers, took advantage and moved out of rental accommodation and into home ownership. A comparison of average rents and mortgage carrying costs based on the mortgage terms chosen by most first-time buyers (i.e., maximum amortization period and the minimum down payment allowed) suggests that the gap between the two narrowed by more than 50 per cent in the first quarter of 2009.

Also, youth aged 15 to 24 are a key source of rental demand. Weaker employment among youth in this age group meant that some of them, after losing their jobs, moved back into their parents’ homes, or alternatively, postponed a decision to move out. Total employment for all age groups declined by around 11,000 people or 5.6 per cent when comparing the average level in the 12 months ending September 2009 to average level in the same period a year earlier.Youth employment declined by 4,500 people or 14 per cent, of which 2,900 in full- time positions and the rest in part- time jobs.

Finally, there were fewer international immigrants in 2009, due to the global economic slowdown. Since they traditionally tend to rent after landing in Canada, this implies that rental demand in 2009 was not as strong as in the previous years. Many international migrants find it difficult to settle in the region and land a job. Instead, they prefer to settle in major centres, such as the Greater Toronto Area, where they are more likely to find their first job and where there are established social networks.

Posted by Moshe Alexander

According to the latest Rental Market Survey data collected in October by CMHC, the average vacancy rate in privately initiated rental apartments in the Ottawa Census Metropolitan Area (CMA) increased only slightly from last year to 1.5 per cent. Consequently, Ottawa remained one of the tightest rental markets in Ontario.

The low vacancy rate was the result of two contrary influences. On the one hand low borrowing costs coupled with steady employment conditions in the Capital City gave many renters the right incentives to jump into the homeownership market pushing the vacancy upwards. On the other hand minimal rental apartment construction and fewer secondary rental market units kept vacancies low. While both influences roughly balanced each other out, the outflow of households from rental accommodations into homeownership was relatively stronger.

Availability rate is a slightly broader indicator than the vacancy rate, as it captures both the currently vacant rental stock and the stock for which the tenant has given or received notice to vacate. While the vacancy rate remained largely stable at a low of 1.5 per cent, the availability rate jumped from 2.9 per cent in 2008 to 3.5 per cent in 2009.

This suggests that it is possible that some buyers, who are currently renting, have not taken occupancy of their new homes yet, but have already given their landlords their two months notice. The slight jump in availability could also indicate that in Ottawa’s tight rental market, leased units are occupied quite rapidly after they become vacant, maintaining a stable vacancy rate.

Employment performance among first time buyers’ ages 25 to 44 years old has been very resilient, remaining on par with levels this time last year. Labour market recovery for this age cohort has been remarkable and has enabled some potential first time buyers to take full advantage of declining borrowing costs. An economic environment of low interest rates unleashed the pent-up demand accumulated early in 2009. As a result, the movement out of rental and into homeownership in this age group has been significant, pushing vacancy rates upwards.

Another factor supporting the increase in vacancy rate is the weak employment performance among young renters. The age cohort between ages 18 to 24 has been the weakest when compared to other age groups. Total year-to-date full time employment is down 8.7 per cent from last year. Rising unemployment within this age group has obliged some young adults to remain in their parental home, dampening the rate of household formation.